Codoping of scandium-containing zirconia-based solid electrolytes with iron, cerium, and copper oxides

Codoping with iron, cerium, and copper oxides has been proposed as a means of improving the performance of scandium-containing zirconia-based solid electrolytes. We have examined three procedures for the synthesis of the (ZrO2)0.825(CeO2)0.07(Sc2O3)0.07(Fe2O3)0.035 solid solution through precipitation from solution. It has been shown that the highest oxygen ion conductivity is ensured by the synthesis procedure that includes the mechanochemical activation of presynthesized scandium ferrate (Sc1.33Fe0.67O3) with cerium and zirconium hydroxides and a solution containing 0.5 mol % Cu.