Revisiting CB1 cannabinoid receptor detection and the exploration of its interacting partners.

Abstract Background Cannabinoid receptor 1 (CB1) identification by western blot (WB) has generated a great deal of controversial data making the interpretation of the results difficult. Our purpose is to find the most adequate experimental conditions to detect CB1 by WB and immunoprecipitation (IP) as a first step towards the study of CB1 interactome. New method We use CB1 knockout mice tissue as negative controls and describe appropriate sample handling conditions for CB1 detection by WB and IP from brain and cortical neuron cultures. Results Sample heating above 65 °C greatly impaired CB1 detection by WB, since it favored the formation of high molecular weight aggregates. We also show the convenience of using n-dodecyl-β- d -maltoside (DDM) as a detergent for the detection of CB1 by WB and, mostly, for IP. Comparison with existing method(s) We obtain consistent and specific CB1 detection by WB and IP using four different commercial antibodies and KO tissue for an accurate CB1 identification. We clarify the identification of the receptor in complex samples compared with the diverse and unclear results obtained using standard WB methods. Conclusions We establish experimental guidelines for the detection of CB1 by WB and the study of CB1 interacting proteins by IP. We propose a new interpretation of CB1 WB and IP data based on the folding and packing state of the protein and the detergent used. The standardization of the most advantageous conditions for coimmunoprecipitation (CoIP) would be a useful tool for the future study of the interactome of CB1.