Percutaneous carotid artery stenting : a strategy in evolution
2005
Background: Carotid stenting was initially proposed as an alternative to surgical endarterectomy for selected high-risk patients. More recently, patients of standard surgical risk are being considered for percutaneous treatment of their carotid disease.
Aims: To describe the clinical outcomes of an initial consecutive cohort of patients treated by carotid stenting at one institution.
Methods: Between December 1997 and July 2003, 111 patients underwent stenting of 118 carotid arteries. Peri-procedural and long-term outcome data were collected.
Results: Most patients (>70%) were high-risk candidates for endarterectomy. Stents were successfully placed in 117/118 carotid arteries (99.2%). Distal protection devices were used in 43/118 (36.4%). The peri-procedural rate of death or disabling stroke was 3/118 (2.5%). Death or any stroke occurred in 11/118 (9.3%). However, only 7/118 (5.9%) procedures resulted in death or any persistent stroke (neurological deficit >1 week post-procedure). No myocardial infarction occurred. Median length of post-procedure hospitalization was 1 day. Long-term follow up was possible for 101 patients (91.0%) over a mean period of 27.1 months. The Kaplan–Meier estimate of survival free of ipsilateral stroke 36 and 66 months after carotid stenting was 77.0 ± 9.5% and 68.2 ± 15.1%, respectively. The estimated survival free of any stroke or stent failure was 70.9 ± 10.7% and 60.7 ± 17.4%, respectively. The majority of late deaths (7/11) were due to cardiac disease.
Conclusion: We conclude that stenting of carotid stenoses is feasible, with a high procedural success rate and low complication rate. Carotid stenting should be considered the procedure of choice for high-risk patients. (Intern Med J 2005; 35: 143–150)
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