Robotic-assisted reconstructive urology.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The use of robotic surgery in reconstructive urology has steadily increased since the year 2000. Articles in the MEDLINE database (from January 2000 to May 2011) identified using the Boolean search: robotic or robot-assisted and reconstructive surgery and urology. In addition, the reference lists of previously published articles on robotic-assisted reconstructive surgery were checked for additional studies. This review will summarize the current advances in robotic-assisted reconstructive urology. RECENT FINDINGS: Even though many advocate the introduction of robot-assisted technique in reconstructive urology, relatively few studies have been published. Researchers do report shorter hospital stays and less blood loss than are reported for patients operated on with open reconstructive techniques and also report acceptable short-term outcomes. SUMMARY: The current literature shows that complex robot-assisted urological reconstructive surgical procedures may be used for both children and adults. With appropriate experience, this technique offers the expected advantages of decreased blood loss and transfusion rate, reduced analgesic requirements, and early hospital discharge in comparison with the open approach. However, robotic-assisted reconstructive urologic surgery needs to be evaluated in larger randomized studies with long-term follow-up.