Stability analysis and energy storage-based solution of wind farm during low voltage ride through

Abstract According to most grid codes, wind farms are required to inject reactive current into the connected power grid during fault. However, this requirement may lead to the system instability and the failure of low voltage ride-through (LVRT), especially for the wind farms connected to a weak grid. In this paper, we suppose that the instability of wind farm during LVRT is mainly due to the instability of the phase-locked loop (PLL), thus a state-space model of the wind power system including the PLL under the low voltage condition is established for stability analysis. The mechanism of the system instability phenomenon during fault is investigated and revealed. To address this problem, an energy storage system (ESS)-based stability control strategy is proposed to maintain the stability of the wind power system during fault. The detailed electromagnetic model of the test system including three wind farms is installed in PSCAD/EMTDC environment for simulation studies. Simulation results verify the correctness of the obtained stability analysis results and the effectiveness of the ESS-based stability control strategy.