The prevalence of temporomandibular disorders in patients with late whiplash syndrome who experience orofacial pain: a case-control series study.

ABSTRACT Background The authors conducted a study to compare the frequency of specific temporomandibular disorder (TMD) diagnoses in patients who had late whiplash syndrome (LWS) with that in a control group. Methods The authors recruited 65 patients who had orofacial pain and a previous diagnosis of LWS and 65 age- and sex-matched control patients who had chronic orofacial pain without a history of whiplash injury (WI) for a case-control series study. All patients completed a questionnaire pertaining to the Research Diagnostic Criteria for Temporomandibular Disorders and underwent a clinical examination. Results The authors compared the frequency of TMD diagnoses in case patients with that in control patients by using a χ 2 test; they set the α level a priori at .05. The number of patients diagnosed with myofascial pain (MP) and disk displacement with reduction (DDWR) was significantly higher in the case group than in the control group ( P = .002 and P = .001, respectively). Conclusions The results of this study show a higher frequency of MP and DDWR in patients with LWS than in patients with chronic orofacial pain and no history of WI. Practical Implications Clinicians should be knowledgeable about the correlation between WI and TMD so they can inform and treat patients accurately.