High level fluoroquinolone resistance in Escherichia coli isolatedfrom animals in Turkey is due to multiple mechanisms

Pinar ŞAHINTURK, Erdem ARSLAN, Esra BUYUKCANGAZ, Songul SONAL, Aysin ŞEN, Figen ERSOY, Mark A. WEBBER, Laura J V. PIDDOCK, Murat CENGIZ* Laboratory of Molecular Pharmacology, Department of Pharmacology and Toxicology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Department of Microbiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Department of Biology, Faculty of Arts and Science, Uludag University, Bursa, Turkey Antimicrobials Research Group, School of Immunity and Infection, Institute of Microbiology and Infection, College of Medical and Dental Sciences, University of Birmingham, Birmingham, UK