Prescripción off-label de antiasmáticos en Atención Primaria
2015
Off-label prescription of anti-asthmatic agents in Primary Care Introduccion y objetivos: se denomina prescripcion off-label a la realizada fuera de las condiciones autorizadas en la ficha tecnica de un medicamento. En Atencion Primaria se publican cifras globales de prescripcion off-label en diferentes paises del 3-67%. El objetivo del estudio ha sido conocer la inten- sidad de este tipo de prescripcion en el caso de los antiasmaticos en un periodo reciente, en Castilla- Leon (Espana). Metodos: se analizaron las prescripciones correspondientes al subgrupo terapeutico R03 (medicamentos para enfermedades obstructivas respiratorias) realizadas a menores de 14 anos entre 2005-2010 en el sistema publico de salud autonomico. La informacion sobre el uso off-label se presenta en numero de prescripciones consumidas de antiasmaticos a dosis y/o edades no recomendadas en su ficha tecnica. Resultados: se realizaron 394 876 prescripciones de antiasmaticos a una poblacion expuesta de 1 580 229 personas/ano. Los menores de cuatro anos fueron los que mas antiasmaticos recibieron. La maxima prescripcion de broncodilatadores ocurrio en menores de dos anos, la de montelukast y corti- coides inhalados monofarmaco al ano de edad. El 46% de las prescripciones de salbutamol sistemico y el 15,9% de las de la terapia de mantenimiento se prescribieron off-label. Conclusiones: el estudio muestra un uso importante de antiasmaticos a edades muy tempranas en las que es dificil hacer el diagnostico de asma y un consumo notable de farmacos controladores a dosis y/o edades no autorizadas. La prescripcion off-label no presupone una prescripcion inadecuada, pero debe- ria tener un beneficio real para el paciente y estar apoyada por avales cientificos que justifiquen su uso. Introduction and objectives: off-label prescribing is when performed outside of the official information of the product. Overall figures of off-label prescribing in primary care in different countries are 3-67%. The aim of the study was to determine the intensity of this type of prescription in anti-asthmatic agents in a recent period of time, in Castilla y Leon. Methods: the requirements for the therapeutic subgroup R03 (anti-asthmatic agents) prescribed in children less than 14 years of age in the Castilla-Leon health service from 2005 to 2010 were analyzed. Information on off-label prescribing is shown in number of anti-asthmatic prescriptions consumed at doses and/or at ages not recommended in its technical specifications. Results: a total of 394 876 prescriptions for anti-asthmatic agents were performed to an exposed population of 1 580 229 person-years. Children under four years received the highest levels of anti- asthmatic agents. The maximum prescription of bronchodilators occurred in children under 2 years, and of montelukast and single inhaled corticosteroids at one year of age. 46% of prescriptions of systemic salbutamol and 15.9% of maintenance therapy prescriptions were made in an off-label manner. Conclusions: the study shows an important and very early use of anti-asthmatic agents at ages where it is difficult to make a diagnosis of asthma and also a remarkable consumption of controller therapy at not authorized dose and/or ages. Off-label prescription do not presuppose inappropriate prescription but it should have a real benefit to the patient and be supported by scientific guarantees to justify its use.
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