Enhancing Compassion: A Randomized Controlled Trial of a Compassion Cultivation Training Program Hooria JazaieriGeshe Thupten JinpaKelly McGonigal • Erika L. RosenbergJoel FinkelsteinEmiliana Simon-Thomas • Margaret CullenJames R. DotyJames J. GrossPhilippe R. Goldin

Psychosocial interventions often aim to alleviate negative emotional states. However, there is growing interest in cultivating positive emotional states and qualities. One particular target is compassion, but it is not yet clear whether compassion can be trained. A community sample of 100 adults were randomly assigned to a 9-week com- passion cultivation training (CCT) program (n = 60) or a waitlist control condition (n = 40). Before and after this 9-week period, participants completed self-report inven- tories that measured compassion for others, receiving compassion from others, and self- compassion. Compared to the waitlist control condition, CCT resulted in significant improvements in all three domains of compassion—compassion for others, receiving compassion from others, and self-compassion. The amount of formal meditation practiced during CCT was associated with increased compassion for others. Specific domains of compassion can be intentionally cultivated in a training program. These findings may have important implications for mental health and well-being.