Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung responsive to frontline combination chemotherapy with immunotherapy

Abstract Hepatoid adenocarcinoma of the lung (HAL) is a rare, extrahepatic tumor characterized by histologic features of hepatocellular carcinoma. A standard treatment for non-resectable HAL has not been established, although traditionally these tumors have been treated with platinum-based chemotherapy. We report the use of combination chemotherapy and immunotherapy in a patient presenting with metastatic HAL and an elevated alpha-fetoprotein (AFP). The patient had an excellent clinical, radiographic, and biomarker response. This case supports the use of chemo-immunotherapy, which is now the standard of care first line treatment in non-small cell lung cancer, for HAL.