Сравнение методов оценки разнообразия микробных сообществ почв сибирского Севера

We did a comparison of methods to assess the diversity of soil bacterial communities in the north of Siberia. For the analysis of soil were taken on south of Yamal-Nenetskiy region (Purovskiy district) with selection intervals of 10 cm to 40 cm depth. Data obtained about the number of bacteria by means of molecular techniques (PCR product followed by analysis denaturing gradient gel electrophoresis). The data on the number of bacteria (CFU / g of soil) and the number of species of bacteria with the use of classical microbiology (plate method of sowing the soil suspension, visual assessment of the colonies, Gram stain). Similarity results in 73-100% when evaluating samples taken close to the surface (0-12 cm). This is contrary to conventional (1% bacterial isolation using classical techniques). This can be explained by the peculiarities of the North Siberian soil. Analysis of the samples at a depth of 20-42 cm showed the presence of 27-38% of species of bacteria by classical methods of isolation bacteriums comparison with molecular methods. The difference in the data on depth, we explain the presence of anaerobic bacteria, as well as non-cultivated forms. Thus, the traditional method of planting and the isolation of pure cultures should be maintained.