Post-Kala-Azar Dermal Leishmaniasis Associated With Oral Lesions: A Rare Case Report

Post-kala-azar dermal leishmaniasis (PKDL) is a dermatosis that usually occurs after visceral leishmaniasis (VL) caused by Leishmania donovani and characterized by macular, maculopapular, and nodular skin lesions on the whole body surface. It is a late cutaneous manifestation of VL in untreated or inadequately treated patients, first described by Brahmachari in 1922. In India, PKDL occurs in 6–20% of the cases of VL, 6 months to 5 years after the apparently successful treatment of VL. The diagnosis of PKDL presents a challenge due to low parasite burden in the lesions. We report a case of PKDL that presented with polymorphic skin lesions along with the involvement of the oral cavity including an insight into the recent advances in diagnosis, pathogenesis, and case management.