Resistencia antibiótica y sensibilidad en aislamientos de bacterias en mastitis en vacas lecheras en Honduras

Mastitis is a major problem in dairy farms around the world and is usually treated with antibiotics. However, bacteria - the usual causative agents - often become resistant to commonly used antibiotics, hindering milk production, and generating a possible public health problem. With the purpose of generating information on this situation in Honduras, we carried out a retrospective documentary study examining official records of bacterial isolates and antibiotic resistance tests carried out to milk samples coming from mastitis cases in dairy cows from 2013 to 2018. We examined 235 cases of bacterial isolation and sensitivity test to 15 antibiotics (amoxicillin + clavulanic acid, ampicillin, ceftiofur, ceftriaxone, enrofloxacin, ciprofloxacin, oxacillin, doxycycline, neomycin, trimethoprim + sulphamethoxazole, gentamicin, tetracycline, erythromycin, and penicillin). The more frequently isolated bacteria taxon was Staphylococcus spp. (168 cases) followed by Streptococcus spp. (31 cases), Corynebacterium spp. (14 cases), Escherichia spp. (13 cases), Klebsiella spp. (five cases), Enterobacter sp. (one case), Pasteurella sp. (one case), and Pseudomonas sp. (one case). We found antibiotic resistance cases to practically all tested antibiotics, however, patterns in resistance and sensitivity were uncommon.