Andrographis paniculata and its Endophytes: A Review on their Pharmacological Activities

Medicinal plants are the important source of drugs that are used worldwide to meet the primary healthcare needs. Andrographis paniculata is one of the widely used effective medicinal plants in world. All parts of this plant are used to extract the potential phytochemicals but the aerial part of the plant contains medically important phytochemicals such as lactones, diterpenoids, diterpene glycosides, flavonoids, and flavonoid glycosides with various pharmacological activities. Endophytes are responsible to increase the production of plant bioactive compounds by its symbiotic association with the plants and favours the mechanism through metabolic interactions. The reasons for producing biologically active metabolites is due to its long term association with medicinal host plants, may improve/alter its natural bioactivity and obtain genetic details to produce such metabolites similar to the host. Hence this review focused on those properties and the phytochemical action of plant with bioactive compounds produced by endophytes isolated from such medicinal plants and its potential usefulness in human diseases.