Benefits of biphasic calcium phosphate hybrid scaffold-driven osteogenic differentiation of mesenchymal stem cells through upregulated leptin receptor expression

Background The use of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) and coralline hydroxyapatite (HA) or biphasic calcium phosphate (BCP) as a bone substitute for posterolateral spinal fusion has been reported. However, the genes and molecular signals by which MSCs interact with their surrounding environment require further elucidation.