Particulate measurement methods for residential solid fuel heaters

The purpose of this paper is not so much to review the history in this field as it is to provide an overview of where we now are. The focus is on test methods for solid-fuel heating systems, as opposed to ambient air quality, health effects or regulations. It is useful in discussions of test standards to make distinctions among the various components. Typically test standards specify: -appliance installation details (e.g., chimney height), -fuel species, moisture content, and configuration, -appliance operation details (e.g., manipulation of controls and door at reload), -what parameters to measure, -instrumentation requirements, and -computational algorithms. (A regulating standard will usually also include a minimum performance level for appliance certification). This paper focuses primarily on the instrumentation for measuring particulate matter and the algorithms used for computing emissions factors.