Mivazerol, a new α2‐adrenergic agonist, blunts cardiovascular effects following surgical stress in pentobarbital‐anesthetized rats

Background:Mivazerol is a new and selective α2-adrenoceptor agonist, devoid of hypotensive effects, which has been designed to prevent adverse cardiac outcome in perioperative patients with, or at risk of coronary artery disease. Methods:In the present study, the effects of mivazerol on hemodynamic changes induced by trachea-exposure surgery stress were investigated in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats, and compared to those of dexmedetomidine. Results:Intravenous infusion of 3 different doses of mivazerol (3.75, 7.5 and 15 μg kg-1 h-1) did not significantly alter BP but caused a dose-related decrease in HR. The maximal decrease in HR was approximately 87 beats/min. Contrary to mivazerol, dexmedetomidine (7.5 μg kg-1 h-1, i.v.) decreased both BP (11±3.2 mmHg) and HR. The maximum decrease in HR was approximately 104 beats/min. Surgical stress produced a rapid increase in BP (maximal increase of 50 mmHg) and HR (maximal increase of 100 beats/min), which lasted for at least 15 min. Constant infusion of mivazerol, at a dose of 15 μg kg-1 h-1, beginning 20 min prior to surgery and lasting for 35 min, significantly inhibited surgical stress-induced increases in BP (P 0.05), but prevented the increase in HR (P < 0.05). Pretreatment with the α2-adrenoceptor antagonist rau-wolscine (0.5 mg/kg, i.v.) blocked the bradycardia induced by mivazerol as well as the inhibitory effect of mivazerol on surgical stress-induced elevations in HR and BP. Conclusion:Mivazerol attenuates surgical stress-induced elevations in BP and HR during pentobarbital anesthesia in rats, and these effects are mediated by stimulation of α2-adrenoceptors. Unlike dexmedetomidine, mivazerol does not reduce BP, and is also more potent than dexmedetomidine in blunting surgical stress-induced increases in BP in pentobarbital-anesthetized rats.