Need for the Advanced Technologies for Wastewater Treatment

Water is one of the basic needs of a living organism to sustain life on earth. But due to the rapidly increasing population, urbanization, and industrialization, the quality of portable water is depleting. If the wastewater is not treated efficiently, then it generates a number of problems such as malodor and health problems, gives birth to disease-causing agents, etc. Therefore, it is the need of the day to develop some new techniques which are more efficient in treating the wastewater. In this chapter, the use of new techniques such as membrane bioreactor, advanced oxidation techniques and nanotechnology for the treatment of wastewater have been discussed. The nanocomponents such as nanosorbents, nanocatalysts, molecularly imprinted polymers (MIPs), and nanostructured catalytic membranes (NCMs) are the recent techniques which treat wastewater very efficiently. The water recovered after these treatments meet the human consumption criteria.