The H-Wave® Device Induces NO-dependent Augmented Microcirculation and Angiogenesis, Providing Both Analgesia and Tissue Healing in Sports Injuries

AbstractThe hypothesis that the H-Wave® device (Electronic Waveform Lab, Inc., Huntington Beach, CA), a small-diameter fiber stimulator, is a paradigm shift of electrotherapeutic treatment of pain associated with human neuropathies and sports injuries is based on a number of its properties. The primary effect of H-Wave® device stimulation (H-WDS) is the stimulation of “red-slow-twitch” skeletal muscle fibers. The authors propose, based on the unique waveform, that the H-Wave® device specifically and directly stimulates the small smooth muscle fibers within the lymphatic vessels ultimately leading to fluid shifts and reduced edema. In unpublished rat studies, it has been observed that HWDS induces protein clearance. The H-Wave® device was designed to stimulate an ultra low frequency (1–2 Hz), low tension, nontetanizing, and nonfatiguing contraction, which closely mimics voluntary or natural muscle contractions. The H-Wave® device can stimulate small fibers due in part to its exponentially decaying waveform...