Biomonitoring Methods for Drinking Water Protection

Abstract : Two biomonitoring approaches are being developed to rapidly identify toxicity associated with toxic industrial chemicals in Army drinking water supplies. An aquatic biomonitor continuously monitors water at fixed facilities such as water treatment plants by identifying changes in fish ventilatory and movement patterns. The biomonitor responds within an hour to most chemicals at acutely toxic concentrations. In field testing at two water treatment facilities (Fort Detrick, MD and New York City) the biomonitor has been on-line at least 94% of the time and has identified toxic events at each site. The aquatic biomonitor is being transitioned to a commercial partner and will be available for use at Army facilities in FY05. To apply the biomonitoring approach to Army field water situations, an Environmental Sentinel Biomonitor (ESB) system is being developed. An Integrated Product Team (IPT) of Army users identified ESB system use scenarios and downselection criteria for cell-based toxicity sensors. Using a formal decision analysis approach, an expert panel applied the criteria to 35 technologies. recommending 14 for further testing. These toxicity sensors are now being tested against a set of 15 chemicals. The best sensor (or set of sensors) will undergo further development as part of the ESB system. which is scheduled for completion in FY05.