Liposomal microencapsulation using the conventional methods and novel supercritical fluid processes

Abstract Background Liposomes are spherical phospholipid vesicles with the capability of versatile microencapsulation of hydrophilic and lipophilic compounds. Organic solvent residue has always been a concern in conventional methods of liposome generation. Scope and approach Dense gas techniques using supercritical carbon dioxide as the phospholipid-dissolving agent can provide a green solution for reduction or avoidance of organic solvent use. Key findings and conclusions In this review, conventional and dense gas processes of liposomal microencapsulation are evaluated. Comprehensively understanding the current progress of supercritical fluid techniques for liposomal microencapsulation will be helpful for development of a non-toxic continuous process of this application in the food and related industries.