Yield Advantages and Economic Returns from Pigeonpea/cotton Strip Intercropping Rotations on a Vertisol in the Indian Semi-Arid Tropics
1996
Piponpen (Cajatrus cajcln (L.)M illsy.) is an it~rportnrltc otrrpor~ettto fsez~~rcurl opyin~sy stettls of the
setni-rzrid troyics (SAT). 111 a 4-1/['11f~ie ld study (1990 to 7994), a nrcdirrnr ~ilirntiotp~ig c.ortpca,
crrltiz~orl CPL 87119 ii~uss trip-irztercropyed rc~itlrh ybrid cotton, c~iltir~aNrH H 44 it1 fizlp
replac~nrent serirps of four strip widths (1.5, 3, 4.5, and 6-in strip) urzder thrcr lnnd-cottfiguratiot~
systems [flat, ridge arldfiirrow fI(F at 0.75-m), and broadbed and firrroiir (BBF at 1.5-/)I)/o n u
Vertisol under rainfed cottditiotts at ICRlSAT Asia Center (IAC), lJotanAerri, Jnliia. A strip plot
design ulas ~iscizfi ~ithl anil configrrrrrtion treatnrrnts allocnterl to uerticnl plots rltld crol~pitrs~ys tetns
to horizontul plots with three replications. Each croy strip ulos rotated ujith at1 rlssociated intr~rcroy
in a 2-year rotr~tiorc~y cle. Land co~lfiyuratiorlt rlJattiletlts retiloitled tcnchnrrge~id lrrirlg t l ~ ~ f oy~earrrs.
ltrdiuidual crop yields rain or see~cfo t tor^ ar~ds tem dry nrntter) zcjcrt7 si'ynificantly. itt.f llrenced
by the croypin~sy stertr but not by latld confiyuratiotr or treattrrertt interactions. Seed cotton yields
ruere lti~hert h ~ npi ~eonpel~~r aitly ieliis. lJi~eottpead ry stiw yields zucre higher tltntl cotton stern
yields during nllfuur yerlrs. Sol[>p i8eortpc.o gmin yield uariedfrort~0 ,49 to 2.57 t lra", u~hrrrnss ole
seed cotton yield varied from 1.45 to 2.04 t IIU-'C. rop yields drcreosed as strip size zur~sr educed, zuitlr
(yreater yield redtictiotts in cotton than in pi(ycottyea. Sole pigeonpea yroduced tttore total dry tnntter
(TDM) (6.51 t ha-') than sole cotton (4.95 t ha.'). Cropping systenl TDM production increased as
pi~eonpeas trip size ruas itzcreased. Land rquiz~alottr atio fLER) and nrorletnry zlal~itle quivalent mtio
(MVER) indicated that strip it~tercroppingz ilas al7uays superior to sole croppittg. A strip
itttercroppin~c onrbitzation of 4.5-it1 pigeonpea and 1.5-ttr cottcln Xavc the rtlaxirn~rnlm eart LER rlallrc
(1.4) and MVER value (1.19). Averaged ozjerfotir years, sole. cottort had the rt~axirttrirrg~r oss (Rs.
19,87 thousatzds ha-') and net monetary returns (Rs. 14.25 thousartds ha.'), uttd sole pigeonpea hall
the lowest gross (Rs. 12.41 thousands ha") and net monetary returns (Rs. 7.24 tltcuisands ha-'). All
strip intercroppitlg systems iclrre more profitable than sole pigeonpeuroith nlaxinlunt net retlrrr~s
(Rs, 9.97 thousands ha.') obtained from a strip intercropping conrbitzatiott of 1.5-111p igeonpea utld
4.5-m of cotton. Benefit:cost ratio varied widely among cropping systettrs at111 brtiuern years.
However, sole cotton gave the maxitnum benefit:cost ratio of2.57,followed by sole yipjonyen with 11
value of2.18. Results of combined yield analysts of each rotatron cycle, lndrcated the sole prgeortprJa
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