Specific IgY antibody for resisting African swine fever virus as well as preparation method and application thereof

The invention discloses a specific IgY antibody for resisting African swine fever virus p54 protein and a preparation method thereof, and application of the IgY antibody prepared by the method to specific detection of an African swine fever virus antibody. The preparation method comprises the following steps: preparing p54 protein antigen by utilizing a genetic recombination expression method, immunizing Hy-Line laying hens aged 23 weeks for 4 times, collecting eggs, and extracting and purifying immunoglobulin (IgY antibody) of egg yolk by utilizing a saturated ammonium sulfate precipitation method. A competitive ELISA method for detecting African swine fever serum antibodies established based on the specific IgY antibody is good in effect, only the positive serum detection result of African swine fever is positive, and the detection result is consistent with the parallel detection result of a commercialized ASFV antibody detection ELISA kit. The competitive ELISA method can be used for generally surveying and monitoring the serum epidemiology of African swine fever so as to prevent and control the disease from being spread to China from entry and exit ports.