New Applications of Computer-Based Section Construction: Strain Analysis, Local Balancing, and Subsurface Fault Prediction

An increase in the use of computers in structural geology now encourages practical investigation of several topics which are of considerable importance to the explorationist. Computer-based cross section construction and analysis is one such application. Algorithms based on the geometry of flexural slip or flow deformation styles permit rapid construction restoration, and balancing of geological cross sections, which in turn allow evaluation of multiple working hypotheses in a time frame previously unattainable. These same techniques also simplify the application of several analytical methods which have tended to be restricted to structural geologists: predicted finite and incremental strain patterns within folds can be utilized in studies of porosity and permeability variation; the detailed geometry of fold can be evaluated and modified using local balancing methods when constraints provided by well, seismic, and surface data leave room for differing interpretations; and subsurface fault trajectories can be quickly and accurately predicted from knowledge or near-surface fold geometry. These and other methods discussed in the text permit the non-specialist to apply complex structural concepts of exploration in a practical and timely manner.