Dye-sensitized Solar Cells Based on 1,3-Dithiol-2-ylidene Derivatives: Substituent and π-Spacer Effects on the Efficiency

Four novel 1,3-dithiol-2-ylidene dyes BDY-1, BDY-2, BDY-3, and BDY-4 were developed for dye-sensitized solar cells. Among these dyes, BDY-4 containing a 9,9-dibutyl-9H-fluorene spacer and a phenyl ...