Primary hyperparathyroidism mimicking as metastatic bone cancer

The two most common oncology disorders considered in patients who present to oncology clinic with bone pain and lytic bone lesions are metastatic bone cancer and multiple myeloma. We report an interesting case presented to our institute with the above mentioned similar complaints having a benign disorder called primary hyperparathyroidism (PHP) but not cancer. In the past PHP could only be diagnosed in patients with recurrent urolithiasis and radiographic picture of osteitis fibrosa cystica. In the case report described below the patient presented with clinical features, plan X-ray skeletal changes, and hypocalcaemia simulating malignancy. Unless the oncologists are aware and attentive of this differential diagnosis, there is a possibility of delay or even missing the diagnosis of PHP.