Insuficiencia renal aguda en el postrasplante hepático

Introduction: Assessing the incidence of Acute Kidney Injury (AKI) in post-liver transplantation and its risk factors, and the mortality during hospitalization and one year after the transplantation. Methods: A retrospective analysis in 157 liver transplantation patients over 18 years of age was conducted from December of 2001 to May of 2011. Kidney function was assessed within 48 hours prior to the transplantation and during hospitalization after the transplantation. AKI was defined as a 1.5-fold serum creatinine increase from baseline. Results: AKI incidence following liver transplantation was 33% (n=53). In the multivariate analysis, age and diabetes showed significant association with the presence of AKI following liver transplantation. Average length of stay in hospital among patients in the AKI group was 20 days (15-31) versus 14 days (11-23) in the non-AKI group (p=0.009). Hospital mortality in the AKI group was 16.9% (n=9) versus 3.8% (n=4) in the non-AKI group (p=0.005). Mortality one year following transplantation in the AKI group was 26.4% (n=14) versus 7.6% (n=8) in the non-AKI group (p=0.001). Conclusion: AKI following liver transplantation is a common complication which is associated with an increased stay in hospital, short-term mortality, and lower survival one year after transplantation. Age and diabetes were independent factors associated with the presence of AKI following liver transplantation.