Antibacterial Activities of Extract and Fraction From Methanol Extract of Manggis Leaves (Garcinia mangostana) on Bacteria Causing Diabetic Ulcer

Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a degenerative disease due to metabolic disorders with acute to chronic hyperglycemic conditions. The complications of this disease are exacerbated by bacterials infection causing ulcers or sores on feets, hands, knees, back and other parts of the body. The mangosteen plant (Garcinia mangostana) was believed as antidiabetic empirically and cured diabetic ulcers. This study aims to determine the comparison of antibacterial activity of extracts and fractions from mangosteen leaves at concentrations 20%, 40%, 60%, 80% and 100% againts bacterias which caused diabetic ulcers by in vitro. The research began with maceration of mangosteen leaves used methanol. The fractions were obtained by vacuum liquid chromatography. The bacterias that cause diabetic ulcers were obtained from ulcer specimens of diabetic ulcer patients. Antibacterial activity was tested using the disc diffusion method with 10% of DMSO as negative control. The positive control was determined by antibacterial sensitivity methods. Antibacterial activity was expressed by the large area of the inhibition zone on media that inoculated which ulcer bacterias and incubated for 24 hours at 370 C. The results showed that there were 5 dominant bacteria found in diabetic ulcers. There were Escherichia spp, Klebsiella spp, Staphylococcus spp, Salmonella spp and Shigella spp. The antibacterial sensitivity showed that ciprofloxacin had the largest area of inhibition zone compared to Amoxicillin, Ampicillin, Cefotaxim, Gentamycin, Erythromicin and Doxycicline. The results showed that mangosteen leaf extract at 100% concentration had the biggest of antibacterial activity with the largest inhibition zone was 27.10 mm ± 0.1 compared to the other concentration of methanol extract, fractions A, B and C in all concentration series, but smaller than the positive control of ciprofloxacin 5 µg / disk was 35.01 mm ± 0.1.