Ocean Remote Sensing: Concept to Realization for Physical Oceanographic Studies

In this chapter, we briefly describe various space-borne sensors which have become the backbone of oceanographic research and applications. Operating in the electromagnetic region (mainly optical to microwave), these sensors provide measurements of various physical oceanographic parameters such as sea surface temperature, height, salinity, wave, winds, sea ice extent, thickness, and concentration on a global scale. This chapter also describes remote sensing techniques, measurement principles, retrieval of geophysical parameters, and their applications.