Evolution in Biosensors for Cancers Biomarkers Detection: A Review

Advancement in the field of biosensor/bioelectronics technology has been exploited in the biomedical field for diagnostics and therapy. The potential of this technology in identifying molecular targets has become projected as new generation diagnostics particularly in cancer diagnostics. Cancer being the second cause of death among all diseases in the US and worldwide, the early diagnosis becomes the growing research area in this field. The conventional techniques to detect cancer are expensive, painful, time-consuming, and low sensitivity and specificity. Recently, investigators have developed several types of biosensors to detect specific molecular markers of cancer. Biosensors are classified as point of care/diagnostic tools that can be conducted at home by the patient. This review describes a detailed investigation of different cancer biomarkers and various biosensors developed to detect the biomarkers, the principles, and detection limits, which could assist to detect cancer in early stages.