Yoga in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus: Results of a Pragmatic Trial

Objective : To evaluate the feasibility and potential benefits of initiating a yoga program adapted for persons with systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE). Methods : We conducted a pragmatic trial of standard treatment (control group) or standard treatment plus yoga classes (intervention group) in persons with SLE. The intervention consisted of 16 yoga classes over an eight-week period. Evaluation of feasibility and benefits included measurements of compliance and results of post-intervention surveys and focus group discussions following completion of the yoga intervention. Results : The average age was 38.6±12.6, 96% were female, the mean SLE disease duration was 9.8±7.9 years, and mean SLE Disease Activity Index (SLEDAI-2K) score was 4.0±4.0. There were no significant differences between baseline characteristics between the groups. In the yoga intervention group, class attendance averaged 63% (range 39-87%); home practice averaged 1.2±1.3 hours/week. Results of post intervention surveys and focus group discussions indicated that all participants who had received the yoga intervention experienced improvement in physical and psychological well-being, including improvement in stress and pain management, improved sleep quality and decreased fatigue. Participants expressed satisfaction with the yoga program and recommended longer and more frequent classes. All yoga participants voiced interest in continuing the adapted program but were hesitant to try programs not tailored for chronic diseases like SLE. Conclusions : Our adapted yoga program was well tolerated and positive effects were experienced. The results suggest that an adapted yoga program provides persons with SLE with an opportunity to experience yoga and its accompanying benefits.