Current concepts in the management of biologic and chemical warfare causalities

It can occurwhen a person breathes in Yersinia particles, although suchnaturallyoccurringpneumonicplagueisuncommon;usually,itis the sequel of untreated bubonic plague. Symptoms includeshortness of breath, chest pain, and hemoptysis.ToisolateYersinia,advancedknowledgeandtechnologyare needed. For individual patients, identification of the bac-teriumisfromcultureanalysis.Inaddition,arapiddipsticktestcan identify the Yersinia antigen.