Advanced Technologies for Ecological Reconstruction and Bioremediation of Degraded Land

The need of knowledge on bioremediation and ecological reconstruction technologies and their application in environmental degradation consists in achieving of the objectives regarding the remediation of soils and waters contaminated by anthropogenic activities, especially industrial ones. The general goal is sustainable use and development of natural resources and of the patrimony, represented by the soil quality, in the evolution of global environmental conditions. Heavy metals (HMs) contamination from mining activities is considered to be a serious environmental problem for many regions around the world. The property of HMs to accumulate in the vegetal and animal organisms, including the human, as well as the pathology they determine, justifies the interest that these pollutants arise. Considering the acute toxicity of these contaminants, there is an urgent need to develop sustainable and cost-effective methods for the accumulation, dissipation, immobilization, and degradation of plant pollutants. The efficiency of biological depollution activity and the success of bioremediation technologies result from the conservation of microbiota and phytocoenosis biodiversity, from the ecological reconstruction of anthropically degraded/polluted areas and from the bioremediation of the soil as an integrated ecologic biotechnology system.