Application of an Implementation Science Framework to Policies on Immediate Postpartum Long-Acting Reversible Contraception

Objectives:Implementation science provides useful tools for guiding and evaluating the integration of evidence-based interventions with standard practice. The objective of our study was to demonstrate the usefulness of applying an implementation science framework—the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research (CFIR)—to increase understanding of implementation of complex statewide public health initiatives, using the example of Medicaid immediate postpartum long-acting reversible contraception (LARC) policies.Methods:We conducted semistructured telephone interviews with the 13 state teams participating in the Immediate Postpartum LARC Learning Community. We asked teams to describe the implementation facilitators, barriers, and strategies in 8 focus areas of the Learning Community. We audio-recorded and transcribed interviews and then coded each interview according to the domains and constructs (ie, theoretical concepts) of the CFIR.Results:Cosmopolitanism (ie, networking with external organizations...