The singular and combined effects of entomopathogenic fungi, Beauveria bassiana (Bals) and Lecanicillium muscarium (Petch) with insecticide imidacloprid on different nymphal stages of Trialeurodes vaporariorum in the laboratory conditions

In biocontrol of whitefly, laboratory efficacy of Beauveria bassiana and Lecanicillium muscarium with imidacloprid has not been frequently assessed. In present study possible advantage of this combination treatment was assessed sequentially in laboratory bioassays on different nymphal stages of Trialeurodes vaporariorum. All nymphal stages of T. vaporariorum showed that B. bassiana and L. muscarium induced mycosis. Pathogenicity of B. bassiana and L. muscarium on the 3 rd and 4 th nymphs was higher than the 1 st and 2 nd nymphs. On young nymphs there was no significant difference between the mortality percentage of 10 6 conidia/ml of L. muscarium and 300mg/l of imidacloprid. Combination efficacy of the highest concentration of these two control agents was more than other treatments on old nymphs. Mortality in singular treatment of imidacloprid (300mg/l) was more than application of L. muscarium (10