Estudio molecular de seis cepas de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) (Diptera: Calliphoridae) y Cochliomyia macellaria

espanolIntroduccion. El gusano barrenador del ganado, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), es una plaga de importancia economica para animales de sangre caliente, principalmente el ganado vacuno. Objetivo. Caracterizar molecularmente seis cepas de Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) y la especie Cochliomyia macellaria, por medio de las secuencias del mtADN. Materiales y metodos. El estudio se realizo durante los anos 2006 y 2007, utilizando seis cepas de colonias procedentes de Mexico, Panama y Costa Rica, ubicadas en el Laboratorio de Biologia Molecular del Instituto Smithsonian de Investigaciones Tropicales, Panama. Se optimizaron tres cebadores de seis que fueron evaluados, por medio del metodo de secuenciacion ciclica. Para establecer las relaciones filogeneticas entre las cepas se realizaron los analisis de Parsimonia, NJ (Neighbor-Joining), Maxima Verosimilitud y Bayesiano. Para C. macellaria se evaluaron tres cebadores que fueron utilizados para C. hominivorax. Resultados. Se obtuvieron las regiones del genoma mitocondrial NADH4–tRNA–NADH5. Todos los analisis mostraron la misma topologia formando cuatro clados definidos. El primero formado por las cepas de Oaxaca y Quintana Roo, el segundo por las cepas de Chiapas, el tercero por las cepas de Costa Rica y Panama y el cuarto por la poblacion de Brasil, obtenida de GenBank. En C. macellaria dos cebadores lograron amplificar la region NADH4 y uno la region NADH5. Conclusion. Las amplificaciones obtenidas en esta investigacion aportan informacion para continuar con los estudios moleculares entre las especies de C. macellaria y C. hominivorax; tambien para identificar el origen geografico de las cepas. EnglishIntroduction. The cattle borer worm, Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel), is an economically important pest for warm-blooded animals, mainly cattle. Objective. Molecularly characterize six strains of Cochliomyia hominivorax (Coquerel) and the Cochliomyia macellaria species using the mtDNA sequences. Materials and methods. The study was conducted during 2006 and 2007, using six strains from colonies of Mexico, Panama, and Costa Rica, located in the Molecular Biology Laboratory of the Smithsonian Tropical Research Institute, Panama. Three out of six primers were optimized and evaluated, using the cyclic sequencing method. Parsimonia, NJ (Neighbor-Joining), Maximum Likelihood, and Bayesian analyzes were performed to establish the phylogenetic relationships between the strains. Three primers used for C. hominivorax were evaluated for C. macellaria. Results. The regions of the mitochondrial genome NADH4-tRNA-NADH5 were obtained. All the analyzes showed the same topology forming four defined clades. The first formed by the strains from Oaxaca and Quintana Roo, the second by the strains from Chiapas, the third by the strains from Costa Rica and Panama, and the fourth by the population from Brazil, obtained from GenBank. In C. macellaria two primers were able to amplify the NADH4 region and one NADH5 region. Conclusion. The amplifications obtained in this research provide information to continue the molecular studies between the species of C. macellaria and C. hominivorax; also to identify the geographical origin of the strains.