Ethnic differences in HIV testing.

: Testing plays an important role in the early detection of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) infection and in the formulation of an appropriate management plan for patients who are infected with the virus. Statistical data from the City of Houston Health Department were reviewed for persons who were screened for HIV during 1996 to determine their demographic characteristics, counseling status after testing positive, and availability of medical insurance. Records of 29,085 persons were reviewed in Houston during 1996. Eight hundred eleven cases (3%) tested positive for HIV. Seventy-three percent of the HIV-positive persons received post-test counseling, and 82% of the HIV-positive persons had no health insurance. Of the total number of positive tests, 53% were African American; 28%, white; and 17%, Hispanic. Counseling after a positive test can be an important preventive measure for persons known to be at high risk for the disease.