Eigenmodes of N\'eel skyrmions in ultrathin magnetic films

The static and dynamic states of N\'eel skyrmions in ultrathin ferromagnetic films with interfacial Dzyaloshinskii-Moriya interaction (DMI) have been micromagnetically simulated as functions of the interfacial DMI strength and applied static magnetic field. Findings reveal that the breathing, clockwise rotational (CW) and counterclockwise rotational (CCW) eigenmodes exist in the skyrmion lattice (SkL) phase, while of the three modes, only the CW one is absent in the isolated skyrmion (ISk) phase. The simulated dynamics of the magnetic-field driven SkL-ISk phase transition shows that the eigenfrequency of only the CCW mode is insensitive to the transition. As the frequencies of the fundamental eigenmodes studied are in the gigahertz range, the findings would be of use to potential skyrmion-based microwave applications.