RISK FACTORS ­ INFLUENCING THE HEALTH OF PRESCHOOL CHILDREN

Purpose: to study the risk factors of recurrent acute respiratory viral infection (ARVI) in preschool children living in ecologically different districts of Perm. Methods. Retrospectively 710 records of 5-6 year old children with recurrent diseases of ARVI living in Ordzhonikidze district (group 1, n = 350) and Industrial district (group 2, n = 360) were evaluated. The study assessed the socio-biological risk factors of recurrent SARS and developed a prognostic factor by the method of Wald. Results. In group 2 children in the first year of life were more likely to have anemia 39.0 (95 % CI: 167.6-112.4) %, rickets 55.6 (95 % CI: 234.9-165.1) %, atopic dermatitis 55.6 (95 % CI: 272.9-127.1) %. In group 1, these diseases were less common - anemia 28.6 (95 % CI: 117.3-82.7) %, rickets 43 (95 % CI: 167.3-132.7) %, atopic dermatitis 28.6 (95 % CI: 148.8-51.2) %. Biologically significant risk factors for the formation of recurrent ARVI are: Smoking of the mother, the incidence of ARVI in the 1st half of pregnancy, etc. Mother's Smoking was more common in group 2 - 30.6 (95 % CI: 174.1-45.9) % against 3.4 in group 1 (95 % CI: 16.4-7.6) %. In the group 2 pregnant women were frequently sick with colds in the 1st half of pregnancy was 50.0 (95 % CI: 228.9-131.1) % against 22.9 per cent (95 % CI: 122.5-37.5) % in the 1 group. A prognostic index was calculated for each factor. In terms of sum of prognostic index a forecast of frequent ARVI was determined in children up to 5 years. Conclusions. Biologically significant risk factors for frequent ARVI in children were identified in two Perm districts. The risk factors were: smoking of the mother, ARVI incidence in the 1st and 2nd half of pregnancy, anemia, medical abortions and the risk of termination of pregnancy. Depending on the size of Wald's prognostic index children get in to a favorable zone (from +0.87 to +3.11), an unfavorable zone (from -0.06 to -9.62) and a border zone (from -0.06 to +0.87).