3 – Textile structures

: This chapter presents an overview of the textile structures used in civil engineering, including planar, three-dimensional, directionally oriented and hybrid fibrous structures. The techniques to produce these fibrous structures, ie, weaving, knitting, braiding and nonwoven, are described and discussed. Several examples of applications of textile structures in civil engineering are presented illustrating the large range of possibilities provided by fibrous materials for this purpose. Moreover, the required guidelines for fibrous structure selection according to the requirements of a particular application are presented.