The effect of symptom-tracking apps on symptom reporting.

OBJECTIVE The use of health apps is increasing worldwide, with a common feature being daily symptom tracking. However, symptom tracking has been shown to increase symptom reporting. This study investigated whether using a menstrual-monitoring app with a symptom-tracking feature increases symptom reporting compared to an app without this feature or no app at all. DESIGN Experimental study. METHODS Ninety-one participants were randomly allocated to use either a menstrual-monitoring app with a symptom tracker or a simple calendar app, or to a no app control group. The number of period-related symptoms as well as general symptom reporting was assessed at baseline prior to group allocation and then 1 and 4 months later. The change in the proportion of people classified as high symptom reporters was also examined. RESULTS We found that the symptom-tracking app group reported significantly more period-related symptoms at 4 months than the calendar app group (mean difference = 1.16 symptoms, p = .010). At the 4-month time point, significantly more participants in the symptom-tracking group were now classified as high period symptom reporters (baseline 50%, 4 months 70%, p = .031), while the other two groups did not change from baseline. There were no differences in general symptom reporting across the three groups. CONCLUSION A period-monitoring app with a symptom tracker may increase the reporting of period symptoms. This effect does not appear to generalize to broader symptom reporting. Further research is needed to support these findings and to examine the impact of symptom-tracking apps on daily functioning and health anxiety. Statement of contribution What is already known on this subject? The experience of transient symptoms is common in day-to-day life. These symptoms often do not have an underlying cause or are a sign of illness. Actively tracking symptoms has been shown to result in greater symptom reporting, symptom severity, and slower recovery from injury. The use of health apps is increasing, with a common feature being symptom tracking. Menstrual-monitoring apps, in particular, frequently require users to track symptoms. What does this study add? Using a menstrual-monitoring app with a symptom tracker for 4 months increases the number of period-specific symptoms reported compared a basic calendar app. A greater proportion of people were now classified as high period symptom reporters after using the symptom-tracking app. These effects do not seem to generalize to broader non-specific symptom reporting.