Role of steroids

Abstract Cerebral edema is nonspecific pathological swelling of the brain that may develop in a focal or diffuse pattern (Cook et al., 2020). Cerebral edema is a frequent and serious complication in traumatic brain injury (TBI) patients (Winkler, Minter, Yue, & Manley, 2016). The simplest description of cerebral edema is an accumulation of excessive fluid, extracellular or within brain cells, classified as cytotoxic (due to energy failure, loss of ion gradients, and shift of water from the extracellular to intracellular space) or vasogenic (due to leaking capillaries and increased water in interstitial spaces) (Klatzo, 1987). The identification and treatment of cerebral edema are central to the management of critical intracranial pathologies. The use of dexamethasone has a role in some pathologies.