Análisis de la competitividad de cinco cultivos en el municipio de Suchiapa, Chiapas, México

Objective: The purpose of this work was to analyze the profitability, competitiveness of five crops to see the economic viability and to be able to recommend to the producers from the economic point of view the best option for the productive reconversion. Design / methodology / approach: Five technological packages of bean, corn, fig, sorghum and Jamaican crops were established, which serve as information inputs for economic analysis. Through the policy analysis matrix methodology, three interconnected Excel sheets are designed for profit, income, cost, cost benefit ratio, value added, intermediate consumption and private cost ratio to define profitability and Competitiveness of the crops analyzed. It works with current or market prices and with the first line of the policy analysis matrix. Results: Of the results obtained, beans have a gain of only $ 2,800 pesos per hectare produced; while Jamaica was $ 95,590 pesos per hectare with a production of 700 kilos sold at a price of $ 150 pesos kilo of dry calyx. With respect to the B / C ratio, beans have the lowest, while sorghum and Jamaica are the highest with 1.80 and 9.20 respectively. The added value and intermediate consumption of beans, corn and fig crops, shows similar figures, while sorghum and Jamaica have indicators of 80% and 97% for added value and 20% and 3% for intermediate consumption. With respect to the Private Cost (CPR) ratio, beans are those that tend to 1, while Jamaica is 0, which indicates that the former is less competitive than the latter. Conclusions: Of the five crops analyzed, beans were the least profitable and competitive, presenting a profit of only $ 2,800 pesos, a cost benefit ratio of $ 1.30 and a competitiveness index of 0.64. Jamaica, on the other hand, was the most competitive and profitable with an R B / C of $ 9. 20 pesos, and a CPR of 0.08. Keyword: Profitability, productive reconversion, competitiveness.