Daily Estimation of Inland Water Storage in the Madeira Basin During the Last Twenty Years (1998–2018)

Inland water storage is a key reservoir in the continental water cycle but the scientific knowledge about its spatio-temporal dynamic is still poor, especially over tropical areas. By coupling the Soil and Water Assessment Tool (SWAT) model and the Soil WAter Fraction (SWAF) data to increase the inundation delineation precision, inland water storage in the Madeira Basin located in Southern Amazon Basin was computed from 1998 to 2018 each day. During this period, the maximum of water storage was reached in March every year and varied from $3.01\times 10^{11}\ \mathrm{m}^{3}$ to $1.22\times 10^{11}\ \mathrm{m}^{3}$ . The Madeira Basin and each floodplain section have a peculiar temporal hydrologic response. The methodology presented in this paper can be extended to the entire Amazon Basin and other large-scale watersheds.