Comparative investigation of forage production and diversity of herbaceous species under the forest floor with a semi-dense pastures (without trees) in the forest ecosistem Fandoghlo Region of Ardabil

The aim of this study was Comparative investigation of forage production and diversity of herbaceous species under the forest floor with a semi-dense pastures (without trees) in the forest ecosistem Fandoglo Region of Ardabil. Vegetation and soil were sampled at 18 transects and 240 plots (180 plots and 60 plots for the variation of measuring Forage production) Systematic random sampling level, open pasture ( without trees) and under the forest floor in four grades were steep slope direction. Gradient maps, directions, pasture sloping forest floor were taken. Using the plot of 0/5 by 0/5Mtr parameter Production was given a four-square-meter plots (2 by 2 meters) zero percent canopy cover, percent litter, rocks and gravel And the amount of bare soil were measured. Plant species sampled during the growing season using available resources were identified and to measure the pasture of clipping and weighing method was used to feed. Simpson and Shannon-Wiener diversity index and species richness index and Menhinic, Margalef were estimated using the software Past. Comparison of open pasture and forest floor and vegetation parameters related to the characteristics of canopy cover, generated using SPSS software classes geographical gradients and different ways of using multivariate methods Such as analysis of variance analysis and results were extracted. Based on the results obtained in the studied sites (Fandoglo, Nyarq, Shoghaleh daragh) 20 family, 114 genera and 149 species have spread. The amount of open pastures without trees was greater than the amount produced in forest floor And also the values of diversity indices of Simpson and Shannon - Wiener forest floor Shoghaleh daragh area more than other areas studied. Classification of open pasture and forest floor in different geographical orientation classes gradients showed that significant differences exist between them. As well as analysis of variance, the effect of different slope classes in the open pasture and forest floor showed significant differences due to the type of pasture and slope classes as well as interaction effects (except for bare soil) can be seen. Analysis of variance based on soil parameters in open pasture and forest floor 20-0 and 20-40 cm depth of the two-level Significant differences in the effects of grazing and soil, and interaction between these two factors is observed.