Phase diagram of two-dimensional electron gas in a perpendicular magnetic field around Landau level filling factors ν = 1 and 3

Abstract The measured melting curve T m ( ν ) between the crystal and liquid phases is analyzed using thermodynamics to extract the change of magnetization ΔM as a function of the Landau level filling factor ν, near ν = 1 . An explanation of Δ M ( ν ) is proposed in terms of skyrmions. Near ν = 3 , a Wigner crystal is the most probable solid phase, experiments excluding skyrmions.