Differential Diagnosis of Human and Animal Bone

The first step in the anthropological and forensic examination of skeletal fragments recovered from archaeological excavations or elsewhere is to decide whether the finds are of human origin. This question can be decided by employing the following procedures: 1. Comparative anatomical, macroscopic examination 2. Analysing X-rays 3. Precipitation, immunological reaction 4. Immunoelectrophoresis 5. Fluorescent immunohistological procedures 6. Light microscope examination 7. Scanning electron microscope examination