The convergence in various dimensions of energy-economy-environment linkages: A comprehensive citation-based systematic literature review

Abstract This paper is the first and the only systematic literature review on the concept of convergence within the energy-economy-environment linkages. Namely, the paper provides a thorough systematic literature review of energy consumption convergence, CO2 emission convergence, and energy efficiency convergence. The reason the study focuses on these three concepts is that they are interdependent. Energy consumption generates emissions, but if the former occurs in a sensible way that prioritises saving and smartness, energy efficiency is achieved. Thus, if the concept of convergence in energy consumption is to be studied thoroughly, the aspects of emissions and efficiency could not be ignored. A very detailed content analysis has been conducted to provide a snapshot and trends in many aspects. This includes the nature of the analysis, type of convergence concept, data characteristics, construction of variables, analysis framework, and the findings. Citation metrics were used for the identification of the most influential papers, authors, and articles. The citation analysis has revealed that Energy Economics is the most influential journal hosting convergence studies and has gained top ranking in all the enclosed metrics. List J.A. and Apergis N. are the most prolific authors based on total citations and research productivity, respectively.