Anti-Interleukin-10R1 Monoclonal Antibody Enhances Bacillus Calmette-Guérin Induced T-Helper Type 1 Immune Responses and Antitumor Immunity in a Mouse Orthotopic Model of Bladder Cancer

Purpose: Proper induction of the T-helper type 1 immune response is required for effective bacillus Calmette-Guerin immunotherapy for bladder cancer. Interleukin-10 down-regulates the T-helper 1 response and is associated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin failure. We investigated whether blocking interleukin-10 receptor 1 would enhance the bacillus Calmette-Guerin induced T-helper type 1 immune response and anti-bladder cancer immunity in a mouse model.Materials and Methods: Splenocytes were incubated with bacillus Calmette-Guerin or bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus control IgG1, anti-interleukin-10 receptor 1 mAb or anti-interleukin-10 neutralizing mAb, followed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay of interferon-γ production. Bladder RNA was extracted after intravesical bacillus Calmette-Guerin plus intraperitoneal IgG1 or anti-interleukin-10 receptor 1 mAb and analyzed by reverse transcriptase and/or quantitative polymerase chain reaction. Urine was collected and analyzed by enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. ...