Microwave crystallization of titanium-containing cloverite

Publisher Summary This chapter describes microwave crystallization of titanium-containing cloverite. The conditions for the synthesis of Ti-containing cloverite under microwave radiation are described and optimal conditions for the synthesis of large crystals are given. XRD, IR, DTA/TG, and adsorption measurements characterize the obtained products as of high crystallinity. SEM pictures show the crystals to be of various habits; the growth of the different crystallographic faces could be demonstrated. Cloverite is a galliumphosphate molecular sieve, which has two 3-dimensional pore systems, one containing small 8-ring pores, whereas the second one consisting of 20-ring pores with large 30 A o cavities at their intersections. Although, this structure makes it interesting as a promising catalyst system it has, like the VPI-5 and JDF-20 aluminophosphates, the disadvantage of being instable after activation (detemplating). Such as in the cases of other molecular sieves it can be expected that the incorporation (or the isomorphous substitution of Ga or P) of heteroatoms will influence properties of cloverite. The chapter describes the synthesis and characterization of titanium-containing cloverite samples, which mainly have been synthesized under microwave radiation.